The Samaveda sets its verses to melody, and the saman is the sung form in which they are offered. Its collections are arranged for the udgatr, the priest whose office is the singing itself. The chants of the Samaveda are counted among the roots of the Indian musical tradition.
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The Samaveda is written with marks above the syllables showing how the pitch must rise and fall. It is a book meant to be sung, not read.
Source: Samaveda Samhita, notation system